1. Field-Based Evaluation of Targeted Herbicide Spraying Efficacy: A Comparison of Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

Weed control remains one of the main challenges for maintaining agricultural productivity. In this context, selective spraying based on optical sensors and embedded vision systems emerges as a promising alternative for localized weed management, aligned with the principles of precision agriculture and sustainability. However, the adoption of these technologies on a commercial scale demands robust methods to evaluate agronomic efficacy and operational performance under real field conditions. This... R. Luiz Panini, A.R. Tamara, G.M. Franco, V.C. De Oliveira, H.R. Lemos, M. Nishikawa, P.R. Forti, M. Biagi, L.F. Dudek, M.C. Hauschild, G.N. Ruscito, M.P. Da Silva, E. Claro, Z.M. De Souza