1. Intra-row Mechanical Cabbage Weeding Based on Machine Vision

Cabbage production is strongly influenced by environmental factors such as weather, soil, weeds, and pests, which can reduce both yield and quality. Chemical weeding is efficient and inexpensive but restricted due to environmental and food safety concerns, while manual weeding is safe yet labor-intensive. To address these issues, this study proposes a machine vision–based in-row weeding system that integrates a belt-driven sliding module with an embedded computing platform. Using the YOLOv9-tiny... H. Lin