1. Comparative Evaluation of Ground Point Classifiers in LiDAR Point Clouds for DEM Generation in Pasture Areas

The classification of ground points in LiDAR point clouds is an essential step for generating reliable Digital Terrain Models (DTMs), particularly in livestock production systems based on pastures. Despite methodological advances in forested and urban environments, studies specifically addressing ground classification in pasture areas remain limited, where the proximity between the forage canopy and the ground surface makes altimetric distinction between classes challenging. The heterogeneous...